1/18. Interesting story, Jeffrey, but it would've been improved by omitting the climate propaganda: https://time.com/7274542/colossal-dire-wolf/#:~:text=elephants%20that%20can%20better%20survive%20the%20climatic%20ravages%20of%20a%20warming%20world… "Climatic ravages of a warming world" are the same threat level as unicorn fart pollution.

2/18. We don't need to engineer "elephants that can better survive the climatic ravages of a warming world." The existing elephants survived the mid-Eemian Climate Optimum, which was clearly warmer than now. Here's a NOAA graph: https://sealevel.info/Temperature-change-and-carbon-dioxide-change-measured-from-the-EPICA-Dome-C-ice-core-in-Antarctica-v5_200pct.png… (I added the annotation, identifying the Eemian and Holocene [current] temperatures.)

3/18. NASA measures those "climatic ravages" (benefits). This is their video about it: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zOwHT8yS1XI… Are you surprised? Then you haven't been getting balanced, accurate information.

4/18. The effects of CO2 emissions are heavily studied. They have a modest, benign warming effect, and large benefits for plants and animals. Here are some additional papers & articles about it: https://sealevel.info/greening_earth_spatial_patterns_Myneni.html…

5/18. Here's how elevated CO2 "ravages" (benefits) agriculture. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26929390

6/18. Here's a paper how it benefits even corn, which, significantly, is a C4 photosynthesis crop: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0168192310003163…

7/18. In fact, among agronomists it has been settled science for over a century that elevated CO2 is extremely beneficial for crops. This @Scientific American article is 125 years old! https://sealevel.info/ScientificAmerican_1920-11-27_CO2_fertilization.html… They called anthropogenic CO2 emissions "the precious air fertilizer."

8/18. Long-settled science confirms that CO2 emissions are enormously beneficial for both natural ecosystems and human agriculture, just as predicted by Nobel Laurate and Pioneer climatologist Svante Arrhenius, over a century ago. https://sealevel.info/learnmore.html?0=arrhenius#arrhenius…

9/18. Thousands of rigorous subsequent studies have confirmed and refined his results. This site indexes many of them: http://co2science.org/data/plant_growth/plantgrowth.php…

10/18. Rising CO2 levels are also very beneficial for natural ecosystems. They cause deserts to retreat, because plants become more water efficient and drought resilient when CO2 levels are higher. CO2 improves water use efficiency and drought resilience for plants by reducing stomatal conductance and, consequently, water loss through transpiration. Here are some references: 1. Chun JA, et al. (2011). Effect of elevated carbon dioxide and water stress on gas exchange and water use efficiency in corn. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 151(3), pp 378–384. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2010.11.015…. 2. O'Leary GJ, et al. (2015). Response of wheat growth, grain yield and water use to elevated CO2 under a Free-Air CO2 Enrichment (FACE) experiment and modelling in a semi-arid environment. Glob Chang Biol. 21(7):2670–2686. https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12830… 3. Fitzgerald GJ, et al. (2016) Elevated atmospheric [CO2] can dramatically increase wheat yields in semi-arid environments and buffer against heat waves. Glob Chang Biol. 22(6):2269-84. https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.13263… 4. Uddin S, et al. (2018) Elevated [CO2] mitigates the effect of surface drought by stimulating root growth to access sub-soil water. PLoS One. 13(6):e0198928. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0198928… 5. Taylor, C & Schlenker, W (2021). Environmental Drivers of Agricultural Productivity Growth: CO2 Fertilization of US Field Crops. National Bureau of Economic Research, no. w29320. https://doi.org/10.3386/w29320 6. Chen, Xin et al (2024). The global greening continues despite increased drought stress since 2000. Global Ecology and Conservation, Volume 49, 2024, e02791. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gecco.2023.e02791….

11/18. That makes droughts much less destructive. When CO2 levels were < 350 ppmv, catastrophic famines, usually triggered by drought, were common. Compare: ● COVID-19 killed about 0.1% of the world's population ● The catastrophic 1918 flu pandemic killed about 2% ● WWII killed 2.7% of the world's population ● But the near-global drought and famine of 1876-78 killed about 3.7% of the world's population.

12/18. Thankfully, catastrophic, drought-triggered famines are fading from living memory, and one of the main reasons is the 50% increase in average atmospheric CO2 level, thanks to fossil fuels.

13/18. If you're young, you might not realize what a threat catastrophic, drought-induced famines were, until recently. https://sealevel.info/learnmore.html?0=famine#famine…

14/18. The impact is especially great for Africa. Even politically correct National Geographic once reported the improvement, back in 2009 (though since then they've scrubbed that good news from their site): https://sealevel.info/Owen2009_Sahara_Desert_Greening-NatGeo30639457.html… EXCERPT: "Vast swaths of North Africa are getting noticeably lusher due to warming temperatures, new satellite images show, suggesting a possible boon for people living in the driest part of the continent."

15/18. New Scientist reported the "remarkable environmental turnaround," including "quite spectacular regeneration of vegetation," and "a 70 per cent increase in yields of local cereals such as sorghum and millet in one province in recent years." https://www.newscientist.com/article/mg17523610-300-africans-go-back-to-the-land-as-plants-reclaim-the-desert/… See also: https://www.sealevel.info/Pearce2002_Africans_go_back_to_the_land_as_plants_reclaim_the_desert-New_Scientist.html…

16/18. Elevated CO2 and consequent climate change dramatically improves global food security, and mitigates drought impacts. These two photos were both taken in the Madras region of the Indian subcontinent: https://x.com/ncdave4life/status/1661124817788063744…

17/18. If you believe there's a risk of "climatic ravages" from a warming world, you've been badly misled. The scientific evidence is compelling that manmade climate change is modest and benign, and CO2 emissions are highly beneficial. https://x.com/ncdave4life/status/1725632399478845793…

18/18. To understand a contentious topic like #ClimateChange, you need balanced information. I'm here to help: https://sealevel.info/learnmore.html That resource list has: ● accurate introductory climatology information ● in-depth science from BOTH skeptics & alarmists ● links to balanced debates between experts on BOTH sides ● information about climate impacts ● links to best blogs on BOTH sides of the issue Please do not hesitate to contact me directly if you have questions or need expert sources for future articles.